[edit] Education

• Senator Dick Lugar introduced a bill that strengthens our commitment to science education and research. This bill would establish United States Science Envoys that would work with other countries to further scientific advancement in other places than the United States. Lugar stated that “These Envoys will be recognized world leaders in their fields of expertise and will demonstrate that the United States is serious about engaging other nations in issues of mutual benefit and concern in science and research." ^[1]The envoys will be selected by the Secretary of State. ^[2]

• Educational Training
  • Nothing posted to date
• Educational Funding
  • Nothing posted to date
• Teaching Evolution/Intelligent Design
  • Nothing posted to date

[edit] Energy

• Clean Coal Technology
  • During consideration of the Renewable Fuels, Consumer Protection, and Energy Efficiency Act of 2007 (H.R. 6) in the Senate, two competing amendments regarding coal-to-liquid fuels were proposed. S. Amdt. 1628 would have provided a minimum standard in the amount of coal-to-liquid fuels to be used in "covered fuels" (aviation fuel, motor vehicle fuel, home heating oil, and boiler fuel) beginning in 2016. While the amendment mandated the clean coal fuel to emit 20% less life-cycle greenhouse gases than gasoline, opponents objected to the comparison of coal to liquid fuel as similar to gasoline. They argued that liquid fuels derived from coal are more similar to diesel-based fuel, and emit up to 150% more greenhouse gases than petroleum-based diesel fuel. S. Amdt. 1628 failed passage with a vote of 39-55. Senator Lugar voted for this amendment.
  • The competing amendment, Amdt. 1614, would have provided up to $10 billion worth of loans for projects that reduce carbon dioxide emissions from coal gasification (or other transformation processes) by at least 75% and ensure that greenhouse gas emissions are at least 20% below the conventional baseline. Challengers criticized the 75% sequestration requirement as too high and voiced concern that the loan money would end up disbursed to other projects (read the debate). S. Amdt. 1614 also was rejected, with a final tally of 33-61. Senator Lugar voted for this amendment.
• Fuel Economy Standards
  • See discussion of H.R. 6 under the Renewable Energy section.
• Nuclear Power
  • Template:Vote-EnergyDeptAppropriations2010Senate
• Renewable Energy
  • See stimulus discussion under Innovation section.
  • After a lengthy debate in June of 2007, the Senate passed the Renewable Fuels, Consumer Protection, and Energy Efficiency Act of 2007 (H.R. 6), which seeks to increase America’s energy independence through the development of renewable fuels and the fostering of energy efficiency. The legislation would mandate the use of 36 billion gallons of renewable fuels by 2022, require an increase in the Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards to 35 mpg by 2020, and establish a carbon capture and storage research program. Senator Lugar voted for the final version of H.R. 6, which passed with a vote of 65-27.
    
    In the face of a veto threat from President Bush, the House passed the Senate version of H.R. 6 with amendments by a vote of 235-181 on December 6, 2007.The final Senate rendering of the bill, which passed with a vote of 86-8, still included language raising CAFE standards to 35 mpg by 2020. Senator Lugar voted for the revised version of this bill. The final version of the bill passed in the House with a vote of 314-100 and was signed into law by President Bush on December 19, 2007.
    
  • During debate of the Renewable Fuels, Consumer Protection, and Energy Efficiency Act of 2007 (H.R. 6), the Senate also passed S. Amdt. 1693. This amendment would revise the Clean Air Act to provide short-term and long-term studies on the effects of the increased use of renewable fuels on the environment. It also allows the administrator of the study to create regulations that would mitigate any negative effects on air quality that did occur as a result of the increased use of these fuels. The amendment passed with a vote of 58-34. Senator Lugar voted for S. Amdt. 1693. The amendment, however, did not make into the final version of H.R. 6, which was passed by the Senate on December 13, 2007.

[edit] Environment

• Senator Lugar sponsored a bill, S 345, that would expand a Tropical Forest Conservation Act program to include debt relief for countries that protect reefs or other ecosystems. The bill makes preservation programs for reefs and marine ecosystems elegible for the "debt-for-nature" swaps, where the U.S. government reduces debts owed by foreign countries in exchange for protecting land. Lugar called it "an example of how we can use economic incentives . . . to influence personal and societal choices."^[3]
• After the House failed to pass S. 22 under suspension of the rules (which requires 2/3 to vote for a provision, but does not allow any amendments), the Senate called an unrelated bill, (HR 146), to carry the omnibus land bill. The bill is a combination of over 150 public land bills and will designate over 2 million acres of land as wilderness, improve the management of currently protected land, establish new water projects, and more. Swapping the original legislation in HR 146 for the land bill was designed to make finalizing the bill in the House easy.
  
  When HR 146 was brought to the Senate, Sen. Coburn (R-OK) introduced several amendments, though only one passed:
  • Amendment 682: to make it less likely that casual stone collectors would run afoul of the criminal restrictions on taking paleontological fossils from federal land (passed)
  • Amendment 679: to strike provisions that would block renewable-energy development on public land
  • Amendment 680: to bar new construction in national parks until the Interior secretary certifies that current sites are up to date
  • Amendment 675: to stop federal officials from using the power of eminent domain to take land from citizens. Critics say this amendment was unnecessary as eminent domain would not be used in any lands included in the bill.
  • Amendment 683: to eliminate what Coburn considers to be "frivolous" projects and
  • Amendment 677: to require an annual report on the total size and cost of federal property.

The bill passed the Senate by a vote of 77-20 on March 19, 2009. Senator Lugar voted for this bill. It passed the House on March 25 and was signed into law by President Obama on March 30, 2009.

• On January 15, 2009, the Senate passed the Omnibus Public Land Management Act of 2009 (S. 22). The bill is a combination of over 150 public land bills and will designate over 2 million acres of land as wilderness, improve the management of currently protected land, establish new water projects, and more. The Senate voted 73 to 21 to pass S. 22. Senator Lugar voted for this bill. The bill then moved to the House where it failed passage on March 11, 2009.

[edit] Arctic National Wildlife Refuge

During a 2006 speech at the Brookings Institute, Senator Lugar said that he supported opening ANWR for drilling. He said that "While we continue to debate production there and on the outer continental shelf, we have to carefully consider both the security and economic benefits of more exploration, as well as the environmental costs."

[edit] Climate Change

• Senator Lugar is considered a key potential vote for climate change legislation in the Senate, along with fellow Indiana Senator Evan Bayh. Speaking about the ACES Bill (H.R. 2454) in early August, 2009, Lugar said, "I would have voted against the House bill if I had been in that chamber that day. That doesn't condemn whatever we're going to do in the Senate. But it does indicate that I'm not wildly enthusiastic with what the House came up with." With Indiana reliant on coal electricity production, Lugar expressed his concern that emissions allocations under a cap-and-trade system be fair to the coal and coal power industries, saying, "I'm listening to their suggestions to how things could be made more fair if we are to get into that business of allocation." Indiana is also a largely agricultural state and Lugar has expressed some recognition of the value to farmers of carbon offsets under a cap-and-trade system but has also said that Washington needs to "ease the paperwork" involved for farmers. Finally, Lugar has made clear he is troubled by climate change but has serious concerns about the effect climate change legislation could have on the economy, saying, "Climate change is important. But so is the solvency of the United States government. In other words, I would take the standpoint of first things first."^[4]

• In his opening statement at the Senate Foreign Relations Committee Hearing on Climate Change and Global Security, Senator Lugor stressed the US's energy 'vulnerabilities' and that when addressing climate change, priority should be given to those methods that would also benefit US priorities such as energy security, generating export markets for high technology industries, strengthening our rural economy, and improving air quality.

• On July 11, 2009, Senator Lugar expressed his pessimism in the prospect of achieving successful collaboration with China and India to address climate change, after these economic powers declined to comply with the strong emission limits. “Their position is that the industrial nations of the world ought to compensate them for the many years of developments that they still need to do to bring their people out of poverty,” Senator Lugar said. “It’s not just that they don’t have a program comparable to us. They’re really looking for compensation. So to say the least, this latest news was disheartening.” ^[5]

• To fight climate change, Lugar supports a tax on gas to reduce our dependence on oil. In a column for The Washington Post on February 1, 2009, Lugar wrote, "A gasoline tax is transparent, easy to administer and targeted at the one sector that burns most of our oil...Pricing gasoline to reflect its true cost to the nation would help spur a vast market in which oil alternatives such as advanced biofuels would become competitive and innovation would flourish." ^[6]
• With a vote of 51-42 the Senate rejected S. Amdt 1094 to the Water Resources Development Act of 2007 (H.R. 1495). This amendment would have required the Army Corp of Engineers to account for the long-term and short-term effects of global climate change in all feasibility studies or reevaluation reports. Supporters of S. Amdt. 1094 focused especially on the dangers associated with increased hurricane intensity and rising sea levels. Opponents criticized the amendment as being too expensive to implement and refuted any relationship between hurricane intensity and global warming (read the floor debate). Senator Lugar voted for this amendment.

[edit] Health

• See stimulus discussion under Innovation section.
• Healthcare
  • After being vetoed twice by President Bush in 2007, the State Children's Health Insurance Program (SCHIP) (H.R. 2) bill was reintroduced in the 111th Congress on January 13, 2009. SCHIP provides a subsidy for children’s insurance for families that cannot afford private insurance yet earn too much to qualify for Medicaid. The cost of the program is funded by an increase in cigarette taxes of 62 cents per pack. After the House of Representatives passed the bill on January 14, the Senate voted 66-32 to pass it on January 29, 2009. Senator Lugar voted for this bill. It was signed into law by President Obama on February 4, 2009.
  • On August 2, 2007, the Senate passed the final version of the “Children’s Health Insurance Program Reauthorization Act of 2007” (H.R. 976) with a vote of 68-31. This bill would have increased funding for the State Children’s Health Insurance Program (SCHIP) by $50 billion dollars over five years. Opponents saw the bill as too costly and were critical of the funding methods for the program, including a cigarette tax increase (read the floor debate). Senator Lugar voted for this legislation. On October 3, 2007, President Bush vetoed H.R. 976, citing that the bill moved too many children towards federally funded healthcare. The House attempted to override the President’s veto, but the measure failed to pass with a vote count of 273-156. On December 29, 2007, President Bush signed the Medicare, Medicaid, SCHIP Extension Act of 2007 (S. 2499) which extends funding for SCHIP through March of 2009, but does not significantly expand the program.
  • The Senate passed the Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act of 2007 (H.R. 493) with a vote of 95-0. After the House passed the bill in April 2007, Senator Coburn placed a hold on the bill because he wanted to clarify language to allow for "business necessity exemptions." The bill passed by the Senate was amended to reflect changes Senator Coburn wanted. After passage in the House, President Bush signed GINA into law on May 21, 2008.
  • On July 15, 2008, both Houses of Congress voted to override President Bush’s veto of the Medicare Improvements for Patients and Providers Act (H.R. 6331), a bill to put off an almost 11% cut of payments to doctors who care for Medicare patients. The legislation offset putting off the payment cuts for doctors by reducing reimbursements to insurance companies that include Medicare patients in their managed-care programs.[1]. The Senate voted 70 to 26 in favor of a veto override. Senator Lugar voted for this legislation.
  • Template:Vote-FamilyPreventionTobaccoControlAct2009
• Embryonic Stem Cell Research
  • In April of 2007, Congress passed the Stem Cell Research Enhancement Act of 2007 (S. 5), which would have overturned President Bush's ban on the use of federal funding for research on embryonic stem cell lines created after August 9, 2001. Senator Lugar voted for the legislation. The bill passed the House of Representatives with a vote of 247-176 and the Senate with a vote of 63-34. President Bush vetoed both this legislation and an identical bill that was passed by Congress in 2006.
• Non-Embryonic Stem Cell Research
  • In December 2005, Congress passed the Stem Cell Therapeutic and Research Act of 2005 (H.R. 2520), which President Bush signed on December 20, 2005. The law "creates a new Federal program to collect and store cord blood, and expands the current bone marrow registry program to also include cord blood." Senator Lugar voted for this bill. The legislation passed the House of Representatives with a vote of 431-1 and passed the Senate by unanimous consent.

[edit] Innovation

• Stimulus
  • On February 17, 2009, President Obama signed into law the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (H.R. 1). This stimulus bill contains over $30 billion for energy initiatives including the Smart Grid Investment Program and advanced battery systems; $20 billion in tax incentives for renewable energy for both businesses and homes; over $8 billion for augmenting energy efficiency in federal buildings and housing programs; and $7 billion to extend broadband service to underserved communities. The Act also gives the National Science Foundation $3 billion for research; the National Institutes of Health over $10 billion for research and renovations; NASA $1 billion, a portion of which to employ more scientists; and the Department Of Energy’s Office of Science $1.6 billion for energy research. Finally, it provides $19 billion for a modernized Health Information Technology (HIT) system; $87 billion to help fund Medicaid programs; $1 billion for health prevention programs; subsidies for temporary insurance; and $19 billion for clean water and environmental restoration programs. For a more complete listing of the bill’s provisions, click here.
    
    H.R. 1 passed the House of Representatives on February 13th and the Senate by a vote of 60-38 on February 13th. Senator Lugar voted against this bill.
• COMPETES Act
  • On August 9, 2007, President Bush signed the America Creating Opportunities to Meaningfully Promote Excellence in Technology, Education, and Science (COMPETES) Act (H.R. 2272) into law. The law authorizes the increased funding of the National Science Foundation putting it on track to double funding over the next seven years, increased funding for the National Institute of Standards and Technology and competitive grants for teachers and schools with the goal of strengthening the quality of education in science, math, and critical foreign languages. The bill was passed with unanimous consent in the Senate and was agreed to by a vote of 367-57 by the House after being reconciled in a conference committee. Senator Lugar voted for this legislation. The America COMPETES Act was not fully funded in 2008.

Startup Visa Act

• Lugar, along with senator John Kerry (D-MA), introduced the Startup Visa Act of 2010 (February 24, 2010). The bill would attempt to stimulate the economy and the creation of jobs by implementing a two-year visa for entrepreneurs who can raise a minimum of $250,000, with $100,000 coming from a U.S. investor. After two years, if the immigrant can either create five or more jobs, attract $1 million in investments, or produce $1 million in revenues, he or she will become a legal resident^[7].

[edit] Research and Research Management

• Funding
  • See stimulus discussion under Innovation section.

[edit] Technology

• See stimulus discussion under Innovation section.
• In the summer of 2008, the Senate met to consider the FISA Amendments Act of 2008 (H.R. 6304), which would give retroactive immunity to telecommunications companies that wiretapped customers’ phones for the Bush administration shortly after the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks. The legislation also allows the warrantless wiretapping of American citizens for up to 7 days before obtaining court approval. The Senate passed the bill with a vote of 69 to 28, and the legislation was signed by President Bush on July 7, 2008. Senator Lugar voted for this legislation.
• On January 29, 2009, the Senate passed the DTV Delay Act (S. 352). The bill will postpone the digital television transition date from February 17, 2009 to June 12, 2009 and extend the coupon program to allow Americans to be better prepared for the switch. It was passed with unanimous consent by all Senators. The bill then passed in the House on February 4, 2009 and was signed into law (P.L. 111-4) by President Obama on February 11, 2009 .

[edit] Endnotes

1. ↑ Congressional Desk. "Lugar Introduces United States Science Envoys Bill." The American Chronicle 23 Apr. 2009. 28 Apr. 2009 <http://www.americanchronicle.com/articles/view/99854>.
2. ↑ Congressional Desk. "Lugar Introduces United States Science Envoys Bill." The American Chronicle 23 Apr. 2009. 28 Apr. 2009 <http://www.americanchronicle.com/articles/view/99854>.
3. ↑ Greg Vadala, Debt-For-Nature, Development Bills Win Approval from Senate Panel, CQ Today, May 6, 2009.
4. ↑ Marshall, Christina. "Hoosier Senators Feeling Heat, May Be Hard Sell on Climate ." ClimateWire 11 August 2009. http://www.nytimes.com/cwire/2009/08/11/11climatewire-hoosier-senators-feeling-heat-may-be-hard-se-92096.html
5. ↑ http://thehill.com/leading-the-news/climate-bill-takes-hit-in-senate-from-china-2009-07-11.html
6. ↑ Richard G. Lugar. "Raise the Gas Tax." Washington Post. February 1, 2009. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/01/30/AR2009013002728.html
7. ↑ http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/02/24/AR2010022404195.html